The World Bank released a report titled “Achieving Carbon Neutrality by 2060: A Sustainable Energy Future for Europe and Central Asia,” on February 22. The report offers a comprehensive roadmap for emerging countries in the region to transition to renewable energy sources and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, in alignment with global climate goals.
Photo: World Bank report maps path to carbon neutrality for Europe and Central AsiaSource: Gazeta.uz
Pathways to Renewable Energy Transition
The report outlines strategic pathways for countries in Europe and Central Asia to shift towards renewable energy sources, aiming to eliminate carbon emissions from energy systems by 2060. As per to the World Bank Regional Director for Infrastructure for the region, Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Charles Cormier,
“The analysis identifies the least costly ways for the countries of Europe and Central Asia to fulfill the global commitments adopted at COP-28. Our modeling results show that the share of clean energy in this region could increase from 9% today to 75% by 2060. This will only be possible if countries make strong commitments and implement targeted measures and investments.”
Challenges in Central Asia
Central Asia, known for its significant gas exports, faces challenges in meeting both domestic demand and export obligations, particularly due to stagnating gas production. The report notes that “Soaring demand throughout the subregion, coupled with stagnant gas production (especially in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan), limits its ability to simultaneously meet export obligations to China and meet domestic winter peak demand.” Additionally, the proposed Gas Union, initiated by Russia, presents an opportunity to balance supply and demand within the region. However, uncertainties surrounding infrastructure and Russian gas supplies raise concerns about its feasibility.
Transition Strategies for Key Countries
The report advocates for increased gas imports from Turkmenistan to meet growing demand and facilitate the transition towards cleaner energy alternatives. It suggests that replacing coal in Kazakhstan and closing the emerging gap between supply and demand in Uzbekistan, as well as meeting growing demand throughout Central Asia, can be achieved by intensifying regional gas trade in Central Asia and increasing gas imports from Turkmenistan.
Carbon Neutrality Targets
Despite global commitments to carbon neutrality, only a handful